Reading 17th Century Scotland Essay

Reading 17th Century Scotland Essay Reading 17th Century Scotland Essay Reading 17th Century Scotland HY31016 26/3/2013 Source Review The church during the 17th century in Scotland had a lot more power within the country than churches do now in modern society. The general motive of the church was to set the standard of what was right and wrong in their society and how to behave as a church going person. Also, the church kind of served as a place of law, where people were sent to be disciplined if they did something against the moral conduct of the church. In the documents, there are cases of plundering, witchcraft, and adultery that in today’s society wouldn’t fit in within the rules of the church, but in this time period it falls under in the churches shadow. The first thing that really came out to me in The Annals of Banff, was the statements about the conducting of witchcraft in the town. Within the document it says that â€Å"about this time active measures were being taken against witchcraft and superstition in the district â€Å"Our Ladie Wei," near the Kirk of Ordiquhill, was a favourite spot for â€Å"ignorantes" resorting to, and thereafter kneeling about the said Kirk, but no one, so far as record bears, suffered death therefor, except one unfortunate man who was resident in that district. This was John Philp... his only offence apparently being that he was consulted and that he prescribed for the cure of simple ailments. Whether he was burned to death at the Market Cross of Banff, or on the Gallows from this are in the Records of the Meeting of the Exercise of Alford, when â€Å"James Gordoune and Janet Innes having been delated by the Sessione of Kildrumie as guiltie of adulterie, and being both fugitive together, the said Sessione upon that account having referred the matter to the meitting of the Exercise; it is ordained, in respect they could not be found whereby a personal summons might bee fixed upon them, that the said James Gordoune bee summoned from the pulpit of Kildrummie, and the said Janet Innes bee summoned from the pulpit of Towy, with in which parish she had her residence, to appear befor the next meitting.†2 What is interesting about these records is that next to a lot of the statements is the word ‘discipline.’ And for the ones that say discipline, they keep track if the people are doing what they were sentenced to do after they received their punishment. For example, for the case used above, although they didn’t receive a punishment because they were not there, the church still keeps track of their case and updates it, and for the two that committed adultery â€Å"no report anent James Gordoune and Janet Innes, the minister of Towy being necessarily absent. It is reported anent Janet Smith, that she is continuing in her publick professione of repentance.†3 And even after this update it goes on to another one later that states â€Å"anent James Gordoune and Janet Innes, the minister of Towy reported, that they had not only not entered to the professione of repentance, but that also they were continuing their sinne, and travelling through the country in company together. Whereupon it is ordained that the minister of Kildrummie proceed in processe against them, and that it be intimated from the severall pulpits within oar precinct, that none receipt them in company together, under pain of Church censure.†4 So it is easy to see

The impact of certain forms of technology on reading skills or reading Essay

The impact of certain forms of technology on reading skills or reading habits - Essay Example However, technological based reading has led to an increase in the reading of news, views, sexual content, general information, selected fields but has decreased the reading of literature. Electronic sources are now available for the students like iPods and kindle (of Amazon) that has greatly influenced the reading skills and habits of the students and in fact 34 percent of the students have access to their own iPhone. Today, majority of the schools increasingly have the access to digital media. With such kind of availability of technology, students can readily access the reading materials in a digital format. The paper discusses the impact of the reading skills and habits with the introduction of technology. Reading is one of the oldest habits with the passion of the greatest personalities of all the time. The emergence of technology has led to some extraordinary change in the reading culture and habits of the students. Imagining today’s educational system without technology can be difficult for the students and the teachers. A learning environment without interactive white boards, laptops, TVs and electronic devices would be difficult to identify as a conducive learning environment (Datta & Macdonald-Ross, 2002). Technology has made its existence in the reading behavior of the students. Although printed media still commands significant sales, reading is no longer confined to print reading as the scope of reading has evolved drastically in the recent days due to evolution of the internet to include web pages, e-papers, e-journals, websites, chat rooms, blogs, discussion boards, e-mails and other communication documents. This has made reading and access to information easier and f aster as a student can access information from the internet at their convenience (Gambrell, 2005). Reading habits can be determined by the number of minutes per day that are spent when

Transmission Electron Microscopy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Transmission Electron Microscopy - Coursework Example With the support of ray, diagrams explain how the images were obtained. Your explanation must include comments about the location and use of the objective and selected area apertures. A TEM consists of condenser lenses to focus the electron beam on the specimen, an objective lens to form diffraction in the BFP (Back focal plane) and the image in the image plane, and other lenses to magnify the image or the diffraction pattern on the screen. In order to obtain images in TEM, we either focus on the central spot (direct beam), or on the scattered electrons (diffracted beam). This is done by inserting an aperture (selected area aperture) into the BFP of the objective lens followed by selecting the appropriate beam. Bright field image (Figure 1) The given micrograph depicts a dark MgO crystal on a light and bright background. The topography on the face of the crystal is very clear. Such an image is called a bright field image and has a very high contrast. ...The parts of the crystal in Br agg orientation appear dark, and the amorphous parts of the crystal are bright. The objective diaphragm is adjusted in such a way that an aperture appears in the back focal plane of the objective lens, allowing only the direct beam to enter and blocking the diffracted beam. The objective aperture, when inserted, controls the collection angle. The placement of the SAD (selected area aperture) is critical as it should be adjusted to obtain only the direct beam in this case. Darkfield image (Figure 2) The micrograph in figure two depicts a bright MgO crystal on a dark background. Such an image is obtained by selecting only the scattered electrons using a selected area aperture, enabling them to reach the image plane. The electrons that are not in the direct beam are selected to form a dark field image. The objective aperture is moved sideways to select the un-scattered electrons. This method is of high utility in case of observing certain specific crystallographic orientations of the s pecimen. The dark field image can also be obtained through another method, called centered dark field operation. In this case, the objective aperture is not shifted and the primary/direct beam is used instead. "The beam is tilted in order to allow only the scattered/diffracted electrons to go through the objective aperture (William and Carter 2009). Selected area diffraction pattern SAED (Figure 7) The given micrograph clearly depicts the symmetry of the lattice of MgO crystal through a selected area diffraction pattern. Selected area diffraction patterns are obtained by inserting the SAD aperture into the image plane of the objective lens and aperture on the optic axis in the middle of the viewing screen (William and Carter 2009).

Critically examine whether legal institutions matter for financial Essay

Critically examine whether legal institutions matter for financial development with further implications for economic growth - Essay Example The greater the levels of financial development in the country, the wider are the provisions of financial services that allow risk diversifications, and this in turn boosts the economic growth curve of a nation. Joseph Schumpeter first proposed the link between economic growth and financial development in the early 20th century, where he claimed that the financial intermediaries advocated technological modifications by providing economic resources for the invention of new products (Schumpeter, 1912). Levine and Zervos (1998) in their papers show that development within the stock market and banking sectors of a nation are reasonably reliable indicators of the economic growth. For industrial expansions at the microeconomic level, Rajan and Zingales (1998) and Demirguc-Kunt and Maksimovic (1998) feel that financial institutions are an essential component. Despite contentions, a majority of the research papers suggest that there is indeed a strong connection between the financial develop ment and economic growth. ... al intermediation and markets, as well as deep and broad access to capital and financial services† (The Financial Development Report 2010, 2010, 4). Here institutions chiefly refer to laws that control and monitor the financial sector, contractual enforcement and the quality of corporate governance. The word â€Å"institution† as defined by Douglas North (1991) states that these are man-devised constraints that shape a nation’s socio-economic and political interaction. These constraints maybe informal like social taboos, sanctions, trust, social traditions and customs, social capital, and social codes of conduct; or they may also be formal like legal system, constitutions, property rights, etc. Institutions have been devised in to create an order in the society, and decrease the chances of uncertainty in various transactions and exchanges. As per economic theories, a strong and stable institutional environment is essential for decreasing the transaction and inform ation charges (Levine, 2004).There are also a significant number of research papers that establish the close relation between financial development and a country’s institutional characteristics, especially its legal framework (Arestis, Demetriades, and Luintel, 2001). Thus, from a study of papers one can conclude that legal institutions from an essential part of the financial development of a nation, since it works towards protecting the investor interests (Barth, J., Caprio, G., and Levine, R., 1999). The law and finance theory centres on the part played by the legal institutions in analysing global differences perceived in financial development (La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer, and Vishny, 2000). The law and finance theory suggests that in countries that have strong legal institutions and effective

Letter for Google Essay Example for Free

Letter for Google Essay Dear Mr. Schmidt:Â  From the inception, the field of Sales and Marketing has enticed me at its best and has motivated me to opt for such courses that further foster my interest in the same field and build up more skills. Therefore, I did my bachelors in which I opted Marketing courses as my electives, and now I am doing MBA in the same field. Taking courses does not suffice; in fact, there must be some practical work experience where we can apply what we have actually learned. As far as the work experience is concerned, I have done two internships – first in an FMCG company and the second in a Pharmaceutical company. I have been part of industries that have dynamic sales and marketing departments; therefore, I made the most of my internships and learned as much as I could along with developing good relationships with the employees. I have build up certain skills and abilities that include not only understanding the customers and their attitudes, but also keeping them satisfied, boosting up sales, and devising effective marketing campaigns. Google is an organization where I can apply my existing knowledge and skills and further polish them, since the Sales and Marketing of Google is quite strong and have loads of knowledge and expertise to be acquired. I have highlighted some of my key skills and qualifications as follows: ØÂ   Ability to understand other people’s attitudes and behavior and act accordingly; this involves the presence of Emotional Intelligence ØÂ   Ability to work as a team member and as a team leader, keeping counterparts motivated and directed towards the goals ØÂ   Strong forecasting and decision-making skills ØÂ   Adept in making marketing plans, conducting feasibility studies, devising creative ideas and effectively implementing them ØÂ   Some Human Resources skills such as, organization, administration, motivation, and managing the resources efficiently My knowledge, skills, and hand-on experience would be suitable enough for your organization and can benefit it. Moreover, I would welcome the opportunity to have an interview for internship where I can express my qualifications in a better way. I am really looking forward to it and would be grateful to you. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, Name Enclosure References Video attached

Hobbs :: essays research papers

Hobbes gives us his estimation of the nature of mankind by initially showing that all men are generally equal. The strongest man can be beaten by the weakest, if the weaker man uses some other force. When it comes to intelligence Hobbes claims men are even more equal, since all men are of equal experience, which is the only way to gain wisdom. Once Hobbes shows that all men are equals he goes on to explain their interactions. These interactions lead to a war of every man verses every man. If two men want something of which there is only one then this leads to each trying to destroy the other. Competition also rises when men want what others have. Men join forces in order to bring down a man who possesses more than they want him to. War also rises from diffidence, according to Hobbes. Men must always be on guard, because they cannot trust others not to attack them. This causes men to go out and conquer others, since one cannot survive if always on the defensive. Hobbes has one more reason for the state of war: glory. Men want others to look up at them with respect. In order to gain such a reputation, a man will try to conquer others to gain their respect and by example the respect of others. So Hobbes concludes that there are 3 basic causes for war: competition, diffidence, and glory. This all leads to a state of war, all versus all. The state of nature is constantly at war, which Hobbes claims is not merely battle, but even the threat of battle. This constant state of war leads to no form of industry or culture, since every man lives in fear of all others. Hobbes’s gives an example of this fear by pointing out that even today we lock our doors, because we do not trust our fellow man. He also shows how many savage tribes have been observed in this state of constant war, when no sovereign rules. Hobbes’s goes on to claim that even now men slip into this state of civil war between each other. Kings are constantly fighting over land and are always on guard against enemies. Hobbes’s says that there is no justice or injustice in this original state of nature, because there are no laws or sovereign to enforce them.

Art Is Important To Religion :: essays research papers

â€Å"Why is Art Important to Religion† Art is important to religion in many different ways. Perhaps none has analyzed how art and religion have influenced and affected each other through the ages. Pictures painted of past events that help to bring back the feeling and importance of the past have been forgotten by some. To the one’s that haven’t forgotten are able to see the event’s as the bible says they happened. Not only can you see the events, but it also allows the younger students of the church to understand the events. The use of images of God became widespread after the second century. This religious art has defiantly been around for centuries and plays an important role to the history of religion as well as the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Religious art helps people that are looking for security and hope. Today society is looking for peace and an anchor to hold onto. This religious art lifts the spirit and brings peace within through a beautiful way. It helps reassure people that there is a life after this one. One needs not fear the power of God but to understand his actions and the way one should live his or her life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Art through the ages has been a powerful voice for both secular and religious ideas, and the treasury of Christian art should not be relegated to museum viewing. The art should be displayed in the church were it is meant to be. Its richness can be brought to people in schools and adult study groups. This, in turn, can help to bring art up to the level, that the faith deserves. Churches should fill the walls with art to show what happened throughout the bible. Art creates connections and associations between what we see and what we sense happened. Both ritual and art challenge us to take us beyond the immediate, if they are to bring about true insight and transformation in our lives. When the religious art leaks out of the religious community and into the broader world of culture, it is one of the ways the meaning of the art can evolve. This is also an opportunity for the art to draw the world to religion. Moreover, artistic reinterpretation of sacred imagery can help keep religion honest. The church has always been enriched by the tension that comes with diversity in art. Art is communication and effective art communicates effectively to any group at any level.